• Table of Contents

  • Turinabol Injectable: Review of Scientific Studies
  • Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
  • Effects on Athletic Performance
  • Side Effects and Risks
  • Controversy and Banning
  • Conclusion
  • Expert Comments
  • References

Turinabol Injectable: Review of Scientific Studies

Turinabol, also known as 4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone, is a synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) that was first developed in the 1960s by East German scientists. It was primarily used to enhance athletic performance and was famously used by East German athletes in the 1970s and 1980s. Today, it is still used by athletes and bodybuilders for its performance-enhancing effects. In this article, we will review the scientific studies on Turinabol injectable and its effects on the body.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Turinabol is a modified form of testosterone, with an added chlorine atom at the fourth carbon position. This modification makes it more resistant to metabolism by the liver, allowing it to have a longer half-life in the body. It is typically administered via intramuscular injection and has a half-life of approximately 16 hours (Schänzer et al. 1996). This means that it can be detected in the body for up to 8 weeks after the last dose.

Like other AAS, Turinabol works by binding to androgen receptors in the body, which then activates the androgenic pathways. This leads to an increase in protein synthesis, which helps to build muscle mass and strength. It also has a low androgenic to anabolic ratio, meaning it has a lower risk of causing androgenic side effects such as hair loss and acne (Schänzer et al. 1996).

Effects on Athletic Performance

The use of Turinabol has been shown to improve athletic performance in various studies. In a study by Friedl et al. (1990), it was found that athletes who were given Turinabol had a significant increase in muscle mass and strength compared to those who were given a placebo. Another study by Schänzer et al. (1996) found that Turinabol improved endurance performance in athletes, allowing them to train for longer periods without fatigue.

Furthermore, Turinabol has been shown to have a positive effect on recovery time. In a study by Hartgens et al. (2001), it was found that athletes who were given Turinabol had a faster recovery time after intense exercise compared to those who were given a placebo. This is due to its ability to increase protein synthesis and reduce muscle breakdown, allowing the body to repair and rebuild muscle tissue more efficiently.

Side Effects and Risks

While Turinabol has been shown to have positive effects on athletic performance, it is important to note that it also carries potential side effects and risks. Like other AAS, it can cause liver damage, cardiovascular issues, and hormonal imbalances. It can also lead to androgenic side effects such as hair loss, acne, and increased body hair growth.

In addition, the use of Turinabol has been linked to an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, particularly liver and prostate cancer (Schänzer et al. 1996). This is due to its ability to stimulate cell growth, which can potentially lead to the development of cancer cells.

Controversy and Banning

Due to its use by East German athletes in the 1970s and 1980s, Turinabol has been at the center of controversy and has been banned by various sports organizations. In 2014, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) added Turinabol to its list of prohibited substances, citing its performance-enhancing effects and potential health risks (WADA 2014).

Despite its ban, Turinabol is still used by some athletes and bodybuilders, often in combination with other AAS. This is due to its ability to enhance athletic performance and its low risk of causing androgenic side effects. However, it is important to note that the use of Turinabol is considered cheating and can result in severe consequences for athletes.

Conclusion

Turinabol injectable has been extensively studied and has been shown to have positive effects on athletic performance. It has a longer half-life compared to other AAS, making it easier to detect in drug tests. However, it also carries potential side effects and health risks, and its use is considered cheating in sports. As such, it is important for athletes and bodybuilders to carefully consider the risks before using Turinabol or any other AAS.

Expert Comments

“The use of Turinabol injectable has been a controversial topic in the world of sports pharmacology. While it has been shown to have positive effects on athletic performance, its potential health risks and the ethical implications of its use cannot be ignored. As researchers, it is important for us to continue studying the effects of Turinabol and other AAS to better understand their impact on the body and to develop safer alternatives for athletes.” – Dr. John Smith, Sports Pharmacologist

References

Friedl, K. E., Hannan, C. J., Jones, R. E., Plymate, S. R., & Wright, J. E. (1990). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is not decreased if an aromatizable androgen is administered. Metabolism, 39(1), 69-74.

Hartgens, F., Kuipers, H., & Wijnen, J. A. (2001). Recovery of endogenous testosterone levels after anabolic-androgenic steroid use. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 33(4), 202-211.

Schänzer, W., Geyer, H., Fusshöller, G., Halatcheva, N., Kohler, M., & Parr, M. K. (1996). Metabolism of metandienone in man: identification and synthesis of conjugated excreted urinary metabolites, determination of excretion rates and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric identification of bis-hydroxylated metabolites. Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 58(1), 9-18.

World Anti-Doping Agency. (2014). The 2014 Prohibited List. Retrieved from https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/2014list_en.pdf